Motar Grader, Components, Types, Working Principles And Application

Motar Grader, Components, Types, Working Principles And Applications

Motar Grade:

Motar grader also named as road grader is a self-propelled machine with an adjustable blade. Position of blade is between the front and rear axle. That blade is most commonly used for cutting, spreading and leveling of material.

This machine has also a scarify option which is used for scarifying the underlying layer and then removal of that layer with the help of blade. After that a new layer is made by spreading some other soil or that scarify soil again. Motor graders are classified on the basis of frame structure.

Depending on frame arrangement motor grader is classified as:

1. Rigid frame motar grader

Rigid frame motar grader has only one axle. Axle is unable to turn left or right about a point.

2. Articulated frame motar grader

Articulated frame motar grader has a hinge in between the front and the rare axle. That type of grader is most commonly used where small space is available during turning.

Motar grader is one of the pieces of construction machinery that is used to create a well smooth, wide-ranging, and level surface. Most commonly motar graders are used for the maintenance of road. It spread the soil and then flattens that soil. Before the pavement of asphalt layer motar graders are used for uniformly flat surface so that asphalt distribute uniformly throughout the surface.

Components for Graders:

Motar graders are equipped with three axles, two in the back that carry the cab and engine, and one in the front that sometimes has a second grader blade. The primary grader blade is located between the front axle and rear axles. According to Forester Media, the “blade is attached to a circle that is mounted on a rigid, long-wheelbase frame. The frame, in turn, features an oscillating front axle and pivoting rear tandem axles.” Depending on the type of motor grader, it may have options for additional attachments, and may be able to operate multiple attachments at once.

Steering wheels are typically standard in the cab and the attachments and blades are operated with either a joystick or fingertip-actuated controls. Motor grade operators must be skilled with precision operation, and new styles of graders have excavator-like hydraulics that allow for better maneuvering. The hydraulics allow for sloping, straight-line, and other grade options.

Working Principle:

A road grader is an incredibly important piece of construction machine for the construction industry. It is a machine that levels uneven surfaces and provides the needed grade degree. A typical road grader consists a large steel blade, positioned beneath the center of the unit, between the front and the rear axle. The large steel blade can be adjusted by the needs of the grader operator, in terms of height, angle and position of the blade.

The road grader can be used for a variety of uses, including for preparation of new roads, paving, for constructing/maintaining dirt roads, for leveling soils and for removing snow from the streets. Many grader types feature a GPS, allowing the operators to have a convenient and accurate control over the area they need to grade. Also, the grader models with GPS allow the operators to grade specific lengths of roads/soils, instead of manual estimating.

As mentioned, the blade of road graders is the most important part. It is specifically designed to create a flat and firm surface for construction of new roads and to level uneven grounds. Although the design of the road grader is a little weird, it is very useful addition in the construction industry, as it is more used than bulldozers and scrapers. Areas that generate large amounts of snow need an efficient machine that will remove the snow with only one pass. The road grader can be used for heavy snow removal from main roadways. For snow removal, its blade needs to be adjusted a little higher than the surface of the road, in order to prevent road damages.

The height of the blade of road graders is adjustable and it is lowered to the height at which the grade needs to be set. When the height of the blade is higher than the ground level, it means that the road grader is used to give a smooth finish to the ground. So, the angle of the grader's blade allows excess materials to fall away from the blade and leaves only a small ridge of dirt beside the grader during operation. With a several passes made, the road grader will efficiently level any kind of surface and will improve its grade with each pass over the surface.

Uses Of Motar Grader & Functions:

Now a day’s grader is used for;

1. Moving of earth from one location to another.

2. Leveling of soil so that next bitumen layer spread uniformly throughout the surface.

3. Scarifying. Scarifying is the removal of complete layer of soil and then spreading of a new layer at that particular location.

4. Mixing of two materials.

5. Spreading of soil, aggregates etc.

6. Trenching

7. Land grading. It is the process in which a certain slope is achieved with the help of motor grader.

8. Ditching

9. And for cutting of bank canals.

10. Motor grader is also used as snow removing machine. Because of speed and normal wheel instead of crawler wheel. This makes motor grader as most suitable machine for this type of operations in areas where snow rate is above the normal conditions.